{"id":4396,"date":"2025-12-02T10:37:31","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T09:37:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/?p=4396"},"modified":"2026-10-08T11:34:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T10:34:45","slug":"tesnost-potrubi-jako-predpoklad-cistoty-2-dil-o-norme-en-15780","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/cs\/tesnost-potrubi-jako-predpoklad-cistoty-2-dil-o-norme-en-15780\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u011bsnost potrub\u00ed jako p\u0159edpoklad \u010distoty – 2. d\u00edl o norm\u011b EN 15780"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

2. d\u00edl seri\u00e1lu \u201e\u010cistota vzduchotechniky v nov\u00e9m pojet\u00ed\u201c. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed d\u00edl si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst ZDE<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 norma EN 15780:2025, vydan\u00e1 v l\u00e9t\u011b 2025, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou zm\u011bnu, kter\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k hygien\u011b vzduchotechnick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Poprv\u00e9 spojuje dv\u011b d\u0159\u00edve odd\u011blen\u00e9 oblasti \u2013 \u010distotu vnit\u0159n\u00edho povrchu potrub\u00ed a jeho t\u011bsnost. \u010cesk\u00fd p\u0159eklad \u010cSN EN 15780<\/a> vydal \u00daNMZ v b\u0159eznu 2026 a plat\u00ed od 1. 4. 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V \u010dl\u00e1nku vysv\u011btl\u00edme, co je t\u0159\u00edda t\u011bsnosti VZT potrub\u00ed, jak se ozna\u010duj\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy A\u2013D a nov\u00e9 ATC 6\u2013ATC 1, jak souvisej\u00ed s \u010distotou podle EN 15780 a jak se t\u011bsnost m\u011b\u0159\u00ed a zlep\u0161uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je t\u0159\u00edda t\u011bsnosti VZT potrub\u00ed a pro\u010d je t\u011bsnost stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jako \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u0159\u00edda t\u011bsnosti VZT potrub\u00ed ud\u00e1v\u00e1, kolik vzduchu sm\u00ed z potrub\u00ed uniknout na 1 m\u00b2 jeho povrchu p\u0159i dan\u00e9m tlaku. \u010c\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda, t\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed povolen\u00fd \u00fanik. Stanovuje se u\u017e v projektu a p\u0159i p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed stavby by m\u011bla b\u00fdt ov\u011b\u0159ena m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Norma poprv\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee hygienick\u00fd stav syst\u00e9mu nelze odd\u011blit od jeho t\u011bsnosti. V kapitole F (\u201eDuctwork \u2013 Specific installation guidance\u201c) je uvedeno: \u201eAirtightness of the ductwork is also important for cleanliness.\u201c Tento kr\u00e1tk\u00fd, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdrok posouv\u00e1 logiku cel\u00e9ho oboru. Net\u011bsn\u00e9 potrub\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje nas\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed prachu z dutin, \u0161achet a podhled\u016f, pronik\u00e1n\u00ed mikroorganism\u016f i vlhkosti do proud\u00edc\u00edho vzduchu a z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska znemo\u017e\u0148uje udr\u017eet dosa\u017eenou \u010distotu po vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z pohledu provozu to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee i syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd byl podle EN 15780 mechanicky vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn, nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za hygienicky \u010dist\u00fd, pokud nevyhovuje po\u017eadavk\u016fm na t\u011bsnost podle EN 16798-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ozna\u010den\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd t\u011bsnosti: A\u2013D a nov\u00e9 ATC 6\u2013ATC 1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed ATC zav\u00e1d\u00ed norma EN 16798-3:2017. P\u016fvodn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy A\u2013D podle EN 12237 a EN 1507 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed se stejn\u00fdmi limity, jen pod nov\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem. P\u0159ibyla m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda ATC 6, nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ATC 1 a ATC 7 pro VZT potrub\u00ed bez klasifikace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed povolen\u00fd \u00fanik se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 podle vzorce fmax<\/sub> = c \u00d7 p0,65<\/sup>, kde p je zku\u0161ebn\u00ed tlak v Pa a v\u00fdsledek je v l\/s na m\u00b2 povrchu potrub\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed (EN 16798-3)<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>P\u016fvodn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>Koeficient c<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>Max. \u00fanik p\u0159i 400 Pa (l\/s\u00b7m\u00b2)<\/mark><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
ATC 7<\/td>\u2013<\/td>bez klasifikace<\/td>\u2013<\/td><\/tr>
ATC 6<\/td>\u2013<\/td>0,0675<\/td>3,32<\/td><\/tr>
ATC 5<\/td>A<\/td>0,027<\/td>1,33<\/td><\/tr>
ATC 4<\/td>B<\/td>0,009<\/td>0,44<\/td><\/tr>
ATC 3<\/td>C<\/td>0,003<\/td>0,15<\/td><\/tr>
ATC 2<\/td>D<\/td>0,001<\/td>0,05<\/td><\/tr>
ATC 1<\/td>\u2013<\/td>0,00033<\/td>0,02<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Koeficienty podle EN 16798-3:2017, hodnoty p\u0159i 400 Pa jsou dopo\u010dten\u00e9 ze vzorce. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda od A po D povoluje zhruba t\u0159ikr\u00e1t men\u0161\u00ed \u00fanik ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed, tak\u017ee t\u0159\u00edda D (ATC 2) p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed 27\u00d7 men\u0161\u00ed \u00fanik ne\u017e t\u0159\u00edda A (ATC 5).<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Normy, kter\u00e9 s t\u0159\u00eddami t\u011bsnosti souvisej\u00ed: EN 15780 a navazuj\u00edc\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u0159\u00eddy t\u011bsnosti nedefinuje jedna norma, ale skupina navazuj\u00edc\u00edch norem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Norma<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>Co \u0159e\u0161\u00ed<\/mark><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\u010cSN EN 15780<\/a><\/td>\u010cistota vzduchotechnick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed; nov\u011b propojuje \u00farove\u0148 \u010distoty (PDI) s t\u0159\u00eddou t\u011bsnosti. \u010cesk\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed plat\u00ed od 1. 4. 2026.<\/td><\/tr>
EN 16798-3<\/td>V\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed nebytov\u00fdch budov, zav\u00e1d\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy t\u011bsnosti ATC 1\u20137.<\/td><\/tr>
EN 12237<\/td>Pevnost a t\u011bsnost kruhov\u00e9ho plechov\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed (p\u016fvodn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy A\u2013D).<\/td><\/tr>
EN 1507<\/td>Pevnost a t\u011bsnost \u010dty\u0159hrann\u00e9ho plechov\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed (p\u016fvodn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy A\u2013D).<\/td><\/tr>
EN 17192<\/td>Zkou\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bsnosti nekovov\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr>
EN 15727<\/td>Klasifikace a zkou\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bsnosti potrubn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr>
EN 14239<\/td>M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed povrchu potrub\u00ed (z n\u011bj se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 povolen\u00fd \u00fanik).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00fd vztah mezi \u010distotou (PDI) a t\u0159\u00eddou t\u011bsnosti (ATC)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edloha F nov\u00e9 EN 15780 popisuje t\u0159\u00ed\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m PDI (Protection, Delivery and Installation Level), kter\u00fd stanovuje \u00farove\u0148 ochrany a instalace potrub\u00ed podle \u00fa\u010delu budovy. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u00farovni PDI odpov\u00edd\u00e1 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda t\u011bsnosti ATC (Airtightness Test Class) \u2013 a pr\u00e1v\u011b zde vznik\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 vazba mezi hygienou a energetickou \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00darove\u0148 PDI<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>Typick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>Doporu\u010den\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda t\u011bsnosti (ATC)<\/mark><\/strong><\/td>Ekvivalent star\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy (EN 12237 \/ EN 1507)<\/mark><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Basic PDI<\/td>Sklady, technick\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti<\/td>ATC 4<\/td>t\u0159\u00edda B<\/td><\/tr>
Intermediate PDI<\/td>Kancel\u00e1\u0159e, \u0161koly, hotely, restaurace<\/td>ATC 3<\/td>t\u0159\u00edda C<\/td><\/tr>
Advanced PDI<\/td>Laborato\u0159e, nemocni\u010dn\u00ed prostory, \u010dist\u00e9 provozy<\/td>ATC 2<\/td>t\u0159\u00edda D<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201eThe level of airtightness of the ductwork shall correspond to the selected cleanliness level (PDI). For advanced cleanliness levels, higher airtightness classes shall be required.\u201c<\/em> (EN 15780:2025, Annex F.3)<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak se vazba mezi \u010distotou a t\u011bsnost\u00ed prom\u00edtne do praxe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Z pohledu projektant\u016f je nutn\u00e9, aby u\u017e v projektov\u00e9 dokumentaci byla stanovena nejen c\u00edlov\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 \u010distoty, ale i odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda t\u011bsnosti. Zad\u00e1n\u00ed \u201et\u0159\u00edda \u010distoty High\u201c tedy automaticky znamen\u00e1 po\u017eadavek na t\u0159\u00eddu t\u011bsnosti D (ATC 2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed firmy to znamen\u00e1 volit p\u0159\u00edruby, t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed a spojovac\u00ed materi\u00e1l vhodn\u00fd pro danou t\u0159\u00eddu ATC, a dodr\u017eet spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 postupy p\u0159i ut\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed spoj\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b reviz\u00ed a inspekc\u00ed se pak posuzuje nejen vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distota a gravimetrick\u00e1 hodnota prachu, ale tak\u00e9 m\u00edra net\u011bsnosti \u2013 v praxi nej\u010dast\u011bji m\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 tlakovou zkou\u0161kou podle EN 16798-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle dokumentu Ventilation Hygiene Guide<\/a> od evropsk\u00e9 asociace EVHA net\u011bsnosti potrub\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pronik\u00e1n\u00ed nefiltrovan\u00e9ho vzduchu do syst\u00e9mu a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ne\u010distot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Vzorov\u00e9 potrub\u00ed p\u0159ed a po zat\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed technologi\u00ed Aeroseal.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Souvislost s energetickou \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u011bsnost potrub\u00ed je sou\u010dasn\u011b energetick\u00fd po\u017eadavek. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 procento \u00faniku vzduchu znamen\u00e1 ztr\u00e1tu tlaku a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkon ventil\u00e1tor\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto nov\u00e1 EN 15780 propojuje hygienu a energetiku v jednotn\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu hodnocen\u00ed. \u010cist\u00e9 a t\u011bsn\u00e9 potrub\u00ed tak nen\u00ed jen z\u00e1rukou zdrav\u00e9ho vnit\u0159n\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ale i ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159eby energie a men\u0161\u00edho uhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho dopadu budovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cast\u00e9 dotazy k t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1m t\u011bsnosti<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n