- \n
- Tyto prostory jsou vybaveny \u0159\u00edzenou teplotou a vlhkost\u00ed. Ve stropn\u00edch podhledech nenajdete s\u00e1drokarton, tak, jak to b\u00fdv\u00e1 v klasick\u00fdch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch \u2013 stropy jsou zde zpravidla kovov\u00e9, vzduchot\u011bsn\u00e9 a v\u0161echny hrany jsou p\u0159et\u011bsn\u011bny speci\u00e1ln\u00edm tmelem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vzduch je filtrov\u00e1n pomoc\u00ed HEPA nebo ULPA filtr\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Prostory jsou rozd\u011bleny podle \u010distotn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy (nap\u0159. ISO 1 a\u017e ISO 9) \u2013 \u010d\u00edm je \u010d\u00edslo ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b \u010d\u00e1stic lze ve vzduchu naj\u00edt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/j2083-ieee-osu12578-1web-2048x1536-1-1024x768.jpg\")
V\u00fdroba polovodi\u010d\u016f (ilustra\u010dn\u00ed obr\u00e1zek).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co se stane, kdy\u017e vzduchotechnika v bezpra\u0161n\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch nat\u00e1hne saze po po\u017e\u00e1ru?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pojem \u201ebezpra\u0161n\u00e9 prostory\u201c jsme si ji\u017e dopodrobna vysv\u011btlili a nyn\u00ed si p\u0159edstavme, \u017ee v takov\u00e9m v\u00fdrobn\u00edm z\u00e1vodu \u010di super\u010dist\u00e9 laborato\u0159i zaho\u0159\u00ed. Vzduchotechnika nat\u00e1hne saze a spaliny do sv\u00fdch \u00fatrob a sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 s potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky je na sv\u011bt\u011b. Saze toti\u017e obsahuj\u00ed uhl\u00edk, kovy, toxiny a kysel\u00e9 zbytky, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b ulp\u00ed na povr\u0161\u00edch; zbytek t\u011bchto toxin\u016f pak z\u016fstane levitovat v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Mikroskopick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice se velice snadno roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed ventila\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem do v\u0161ech \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed bezpra\u0161n\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti a citliv\u00e9 polovodi\u010de, senzory \u010di biologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum jsou v tu r\u00e1nu naru\u0161eny. V takov\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch se nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017eeme setkat se zanesen\u00edm optiky, ve v\u00fdrobn\u00edch z\u00e1vodech pak t\u0159eba s naru\u0161en\u00edm laserov\u00e9 litografie. Samotn\u00e9 filtry ve vzduchotechnick\u00fdch komponentech jsou znehodnoceny z d\u016fvodu zhor\u0161en\u00ed jejich \u00fa\u010dinnosti a ventilace, nemluv\u011b o celkov\u00e9m naru\u0161en\u00ed \u010distotn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy dan\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti (nap\u0159. z ISO 5 na t\u0159\u00eddu ISO 9 \u010di hor\u0161\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250615-153204.jpg\")
Ods\u00e1vac\u00ed digesto\u0159 zasa\u017een\u00e1 sazemi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Od po\u017e\u00e1ru k \u010distot\u011b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Na\u0161e spole\u010dnost \u010das od \u010dasu k podobn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm vyj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed \u2013 nejedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o klasick\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vzduchotechniky. Zpravidla n\u00e1s popt\u00e1 sana\u010dn\u00ed firma, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s sezn\u00e1m\u00ed s rozsahem \u0161kod, po\u017eadavky na \u010distotu a vytipov\u00e1n\u00edm jednotliv\u00fdch vzduchotechnick\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f. Na podobn\u00fd projekt se tak mus\u00edme dopodrobna p\u0159ipravit, nastudovat ve\u0161ker\u00e9 dot\u010den\u00e9 vzduchotechnick\u00e9 trasy a zvolit pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fd postup pro obnoven\u00ed bezpra\u0161n\u00e9ho stavu VZT potrub\u00ed. \u010casto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee jsou jednotliv\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti od sebe odd\u011bleny speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi zipov\u00fdmi p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017ekami, kter\u00e9 zabra\u0148uj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edmu \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ne\u010distot. Do jedn\u00e9 z takov\u00fdch k\u00f3j\u00ed vstoup\u00edme, ve\u0161ker\u00e9 komponenty a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ekryjeme dodate\u010dnou vrstvou zakr\u00fdvac\u00ed f\u00f3lie a vyd\u00e1v\u00e1me se \u010distit kontaminovan\u00e9 potrub\u00ed. Zpravidla vol\u00edme metodu trysk\u00e1n\u00ed such\u00fdm ledem, nebo\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 o \u0161etrnou a neabrazivn\u00ed formu \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vzduchotechniky. Na co je v\u0161ak pot\u0159eba db\u00e1t zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost, je sm\u011br prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: po zmapov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f vzduchotechniky za\u010dneme u nejzaz\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00edho \u010di odtahov\u00e9ho m\u00edsta a systematicky pokra\u010dujeme sm\u011brem ke vzduchotechnick\u00e9 jednotce \u2013 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee bychom jednotliv\u00e9 \u00faseky \u010distili n\u00e1hodn\u011b, vznik\u00e1 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a bezv\u00fdchodn\u00e1 situace: stla\u010den\u00fd vzduch z na\u0161ich v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch kompresor\u016f toti\u017e ne\u010distoty vr\u00e1t\u00ed do ji\u017e vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f a v\u00fdsledky na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce tak zcela znehodnot\u00ed. Vzduchotechnick\u00e9 potrub\u00ed nesta\u010d\u00ed \u201eprojet\u201c jednou, po vytrysk\u00e1n\u00ed dan\u00e9ho \u00faseku vnit\u0159n\u00ed opl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed do\u010di\u0161\u0165ujeme speci\u00e1ln\u00ed chemi\u00ed, pom\u00e1h\u00e1me si izopropylalkoholem a lihem. Se stejnou pe\u010dlivost\u00ed se star\u00e1me o jednotliv\u00e9 anemostaty, vy\u00fastky \u010di m\u0159\u00ed\u017eky ve stropn\u00edch podhledech \u2013 zde vol\u00edme speci\u00e1ln\u00ed chemickou l\u00e1ze\u0148, kter\u00e1 si s kontaminac\u00ed t\u011bchto vzduchotechnick\u00fdch komponent\u016f hrav\u011b porad\u00ed. Na p\u0159\u00edvodn\u00ed potrub\u00ed napojujeme n\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdkonn\u00fd odtahov\u00fd ventil\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd ne\u010distoty polap\u00ed a ty z\u016fstanou v HEPA filtrech. Ne\u010distoty z odtahov\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed pak pos\u00edl\u00e1me do filtr\u016f ve vzduchotechnick\u00e9 jednotce, kterou n\u00e1sledn\u011b kompletn\u011b vydezinfikujeme. Po vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed potrub\u00ed dan\u00e9 \u00faseky vydezinfikujeme t\u00e9\u017e a aplikujeme pohlcova\u010d pachu. Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed kategori\u00ed jsou pak laborato\u0159e, ve kter\u00fdch zpravidla nar\u00e1\u017e\u00edme na plastov\u00e9 potrub\u00ed. Kyseliny, kter\u00e9 zde laboranti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, by toti\u017e mohly poni\u010dit klasick\u00e9 pozinkovan\u00e9 potrub\u00ed, plastov\u00e9 potrub\u00ed je v\u0161ak proti tomuto imunn\u00ed. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pak vol\u00edme plastov\u00e9 revizn\u00ed otvory, skrze kter\u00e9 do potrub\u00ed vstupujeme a podle situace instalujeme bu\u010f PVC \u010di PPE revizn\u00ed dv\u00ed\u0159ka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250610-134931.jpg\")
Plastov\u00e9 VZT potrub\u00ed s revizn\u00edm otvorem.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Ve spolupr\u00e1ci se sana\u010dn\u00ed firmou<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm vzduchotechniky to ale nekon\u010d\u00ed. Bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po skon\u010den\u00ed na\u0161ich prac\u00ed na m\u00edsto \u010dinu nastupuje sana\u010dn\u00ed firma, kter\u00e1 d\u016fkladn\u011b o\u010dist\u00ed st\u011bny, podlahy, stropy, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a n\u00e1stroje. Jsou prov\u00e1d\u011bny kontroly vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic a prost\u0159ed\u00ed se opakovan\u011b testuje. V\u0161e prob\u00edh\u00e1 pod neust\u00e1lou aktivn\u00ed koordinac\u00ed mezi na\u0161imi techniky a sana\u010dn\u00ed firmou, kter\u00e1 zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed prostor z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi ve stavu, v jak\u00e9m se nach\u00e1zely p\u0159ed po\u017e\u00e1rem. \u010cist\u00fd prostor toti\u017e mus\u00ed znovu spl\u0148ovat p\u0159edepsanou \u010distotn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu podle norem (nap\u0159. ISO 14644-1), aby zde mohla b\u00fdt obnovena v\u00fdroba \u010di biologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V hlavn\u00ed roli ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti na\u0161ich technik\u016f (a recipro\u010dn\u011b pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distoty prost\u0159ed\u00ed) pe\u010dliv\u011b vol\u00edme ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky. Do ter\u00e9nu vyr\u00e1\u017e\u00edme od\u011bni v overalech r\u016fzn\u00fdch propustnost\u00ed, na boty pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me n\u00e1vleky a ruce jsou zpravidla chr\u00e1n\u011bny dv\u011bma vrstvami rukavic (spodn\u00ed vrstvou gumov\u00fdch a zevn\u00ed vrstvou textiln\u00edch).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250609-111830.jpg\")
Odtahov\u00e9 potrub\u00ed s chemick\u00fdmi usazeninami.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de je v\u011bnov\u00e1na ochran\u011b d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest: pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me obli\u010dejov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty a polomasky vybaveny ABEK filtry. Jedn\u00e1 se o typ filtr\u016f, kter\u00fd d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed r\u016fzn\u00fdmi chemick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami. Zkratka ABEK ozna\u010duje typy \u0161kodlivin, proti kter\u00fdm filtr chr\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- A \u2013 organick\u00e9 plyny a p\u00e1ry s bodem varu nad 65\u202f\u00b0C (nap\u0159. rozpou\u0161t\u011bdla jako toluen, benzen, aceton)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- B \u2013 anorganick\u00e9 plyny a p\u00e1ry (nap\u0159. chlor, sirovod\u00edk, kyanovod\u00edk)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- E \u2013 kysel\u00e9 plyny a p\u00e1ry (nap\u0159. oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd, chlorovod\u00edk)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- K \u2013 \u010dpavek a jeho deriv\u00e1ty (nap\u0159. aminy)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Filtry mohou b\u00fdt kombinovan\u00e9 (nap\u0159. ABEK1, ABEK2 nebo ABEK3), kde \u010d\u00edslo ozna\u010duje t\u0159\u00eddu filtru, tj. jeho kapacitu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- 1 \u2013 n\u00edzk\u00e1 kapacita<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- 2 \u2013 st\u0159edn\u00ed kapacita<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- 3 \u2013 vysok\u00e1 kapacita<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edklad: ABEK2 filtr chr\u00e1n\u00ed proti v\u0161em uveden\u00fdm typ\u016fm plyn\u016f a m\u00e1 st\u0159edn\u00ed kapacitu zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159ed ABEK filtry dodate\u010dn\u011b instalujeme filtry prachov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 riziko vdechnut\u00ed \u0161kodlivin d\u00e1le eliminuj\u00ed na minimum. Na\u0161e techniky si zkr\u00e1tka p\u0159edstavte jako kosmonauty s povolen\u00edm zab\u00edjet \u0161kodliviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/20250609-151706.jpg\")
Vyu\u017eit\u00ed polomasky s ABEK filtrem.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Odpady po \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vzduchotechniky a jejich likvidace<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Po \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vzduchotechniky vznik\u00e1 odpad v podob\u011b prachu, filtr\u016f, usazenin, maziv, \u010distic\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f atd. Tento odpad je klasifikov\u00e1n jako nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd nebo kontaminovan\u00fd, zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prostor farmaceutick\u00e9ho nebo biologick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Odpady jsou t\u0159\u00edd\u011bny podle katalogov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla odpadu dle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky (nap\u0159. 16 02 13 \u2013 pou\u017eit\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, 15 02 02 \u2013 absorbenty, filtra\u010dn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, apod.). Nasb\u00edran\u00fd odpad proto umis\u0165ujeme do speci\u00e1ln\u011b ur\u010den\u00fdch n\u00e1dob, kter\u00e9 jsou uzav\u00edrateln\u00e9, antistatick\u00e9 a prachot\u011bsn\u00e9. B\u011bhem jeho sb\u011bru tento odpad ozna\u010dujeme a evidujeme (v\u010detn\u011b typu, mno\u017estv\u00ed a p\u016fvodu) za doprovodu dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed intern\u00edch postup\u016f. N\u00e1sledn\u011b odpad do\u010dasn\u011b ukl\u00e1d\u00e1me ve vyhrazen\u00fdch skladech, mimo \u010dist\u00fd prostor, ale st\u00e1le v z\u00f3n\u00e1ch se specifick\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky na kontrolu – tento sklad mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat po\u017eadavky na v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed, ozna\u010den\u00ed, zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a havarijn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odpady n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1me autorizovan\u00e9 certifikovan\u00e9 firm\u011b, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed s dan\u00fdm druhem odpadu nakl\u00e1dat. P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 dle z\u00e1kona \u010d. 541\/2020 Sb., o odpadech, a je dolo\u017eeno evidenc\u00ed (nap\u0159. elektronicky p\u0159es ISPOP nebo EKO-KOM, pokud je relevantn\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1v\u011brem<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Pokud vzduchotechnika nasaje saze po po\u017e\u00e1ru, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 kontaminaci, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Zp\u016fsobit ztr\u00e1ty na v\u00fdrob\u011b a materi\u00e1lu za miliony a\u017e miliardy korun<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vy\u017eadovat \u00faplnou dekontaminaci VZT syst\u00e9mu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vynutit dlouhodob\u00e9 p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdroby<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Je to jeden z nejhor\u0161\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kter\u00fdm se provozovatel\u00e9 \u010dist\u00fdch prostor sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159edej\u00edt p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdmi protipo\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi. Na\u0161i technici jsou proto p\u0159ipraveni nasadit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed pro obnoven\u00ed v\u00fdroby \u010di n\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu za rekordn\u011b kr\u00e1tkou dobu a eliminovat tak dal\u0161\u00ed necht\u011bn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty. Spokojenost a dlouhodob\u00e1 udr\u017eitelnost na\u0161ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f v\u010detn\u011b loajality spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edch sana\u010dn\u00edch firem jsou v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b na\u0161\u00ed prioritou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
P\u0159edstavte si prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde je kladen d\u016fraz na maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distotu a bezpra\u0161nost. I Va\u0161e obrazovka, na kter\u00e9 tento \u010dl\u00e1nek pr\u00e1v\u011b \u010dtete, z takov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed poch\u00e1z\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch spoj\u016f, kter\u00e9 se za touto obrazovkou nach\u00e1zej\u00ed. Na displeji se p\u0159i jeho v\u00fdrob\u011b nesm\u00ed objevit sebemen\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice prachu, aby se nenaru\u0161ila jeho zobrazovac\u00ed schopnost. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b modern\u00ed elektroniky pak sta\u010d\u00ed mikroskopick\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dka prachu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4236,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-projekty","category-technologie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 sanace VZT potrub\u00ed v super\u010dist\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch? - Alkion<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alkion.eu\/cs\/jak-probiha-sanace-vzt-potrubi-v-supercistych-laboratorich\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 sanace VZT potrub\u00ed v super\u010dist\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch? - Alkion\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u0159edstavte si prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde je kladen d\u016fraz na maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distotu a bezpra\u0161nost. 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